It’s pretty well established that non-science degrees are not necessary for a job. In fact, the degrees cost you too much money, require too long of a commitment, and do not teach you the real-life skills they promise.
Yet, I do tons of radio call-in shows where I say that graduate degrees in the humanities are so useless that they actually set you back in your career in many cases. And then 400 callers dial-in and start screaming at me about how great a graduate degree is.
Here are the six most common arguments they make. And why they are wrong.
1. My parents are paying.
Get them to buy you a company instead. Because what are you going to do when you graduate? You’re right back at square one, looking for a job and not knowing what to do. But if you spent the next three years running a company, even if it failed, you would be more employable than you are now, and you’d have a good sense of where your skill set fits in the workplace. (This is especially true for people thinking about business school.)
2. It’s free.
But you’re spending your time. You will show (on your resume) that you went to grad school. Someone will say, “Why did you go to grad school?” Will you explain that it was free? After all, it’s free to go home every night after work and read on a single topic as well. So in fact, what you are doing is taking an unpaid internship in a company that guarantees that the skills you built in the internship will be useless. (Here’s how to get a great internship.)
3. It’s a time to grow and get to know myself better.
If you’re looking for a life changing, spiritually moving experience, how about therapy? It’s a more honest way of self-examination—no papers and tests. And it’s cheaper. Insurance covers therapy because it’s a proven way to effectively change your personal disposition. There’s a reason insurance doesn’t cover grad school.
4. The degree makes me stand out in my field.
Yes, if you want to stand out as someone who couldn’t get a job. Given the choice between getting paid to learn the ropes on the job and paying for someone to teach you, you look like an underachiever to pick the latter. If nothing else, you get much better coaching in life if you are good enough and smart enough to get mentorship without paying for it.
There are very very few jobs that require a non-science degree in order to get the job. (And really, forget about law school if that’s what you’re thinking.) So if you don’t need the degree in order to get the job, the only possible reason a smart employer would think you got the degree instead of getting a job was because you were too scared to have to apply or you applied and got nothing. Either way, you’re a bad bet going forward.
5. I’m planning on teaching.
Forget it. There are no teaching jobs. In an interview last week, the head of University of Washington’s career center even admitted to a prospective student that getting a degree in humanities in order to get a teaching job—even in a community college—is a long-shot at best. And, the University of Washington career coach confirmed that there is enormous unemployment among people who are qualified to teach college courses but cannot get jobs doing it. This is not just a Washington thing. It’s a welcome-to-reality thing.
6. A degree makes job hunting easier.
It makes it harder. Forget the fact that you don’t need a graduate degree in the humanities to get any job in the business world. The biggest problem is that the degree makes you look unemployable. You look like you didn’t know what to do about having to enter the adult world, so you decided to prolong childhood by continuing to earn grades rather than money even though you were not actually helping yourself to earn money.
Also, you also look like you don’t really aspire to any of the jobs you are applying for. People assume you get a graduate degree because you want to work in that field. People don’t want to hire you in corporate America when it’s clear you didn’t invest all those years in grad school in order to do something like that.
7. I love being in graduate school! Everything in life is not about careers!
Sure, when you’re a kid, everything is not about careers. But when you grow up, everything is about earning enough money for food and shelter. So you need to figure out how to do that in order to make the transition from childhood to adulthood. This is why millionaires have stopped leaving their money to their kids—it undermines their transition to adulthood. But instead of making the transition, you are still in school, pretending things are fine. The problem is that what you do in school is not what you will do in a career. So if you love school, you’ll probably hate the career it’s preparing you for, since your career is not going to school.
When I met the farmer, one of the first things he told me was that he went to school for genetic biology. But in graduate school his research was in ultrasound technology for pigs. But he missed being with the pigs, which is what he wanted to do for his job. So he left school.
And every time I see the pigs on our farm I think about how he took a risk by dumping a graduate program in order to tend to pigs. I love that.

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I agree that getting a degree just to get a degree is a dumb idea. I am about to finish grad school, but this was a goal of mine; I intentionally put off grad school in my specialized field in order to gain the experience that would get me a higher level job once I got my degree. Grad school was something necessary for my field, Industrial Psychology, which is in high demand and a great area if you are cut out for it. I see people all the time going into the same degree though, that have no business experience whatsoever. They will most likely get an entry level job, or become one of the team members in my field that people complain can’t pull their weight. My guess is that it’s not about the work ethic of those folks most of the time, but they just don’t know what else to do to pull their weight, for lack of experience. This becomes tolerated, and they continue as a disposable employee. So getting an MBA without solid business experience to beef up your resume – bad idea. I think strategically, though, a Masters is a good idea if pursued at the correct time and in a degree that is necessary for the job you want.
Posted by Loni on January 1, 2013 at 12:05 pm | permalink |
I was asked to read your blog by someone who is close to you and immediately the one that caught my attention was this one. I can see your point of view regarding grad school, however, I think that for those that did attend graduate school the benefit is obvious.
It is simply an experience that offers so much more than what you expect to get out of it. It teaches life lessons, real life scenarios and professional ways of interacting with other individuals who may not see eye to eye with you. For someone who has this many followers, I think it would be beneficial to always give people two views on a matter, as opposed to bashing them. For example, do not bash graduate students because you don’t agree with graduate school (especially is you don’t have a master’s degree yourself). Can you say “Sour Grape”? It makes you loose credibility in your intellect and people skills, Penelope.
On another note, have you considered how our country is a system? The amount of people who work in educational institutions is tremendous in the US. Deterring people to pursue a higher education jeopardizes many jobs in universities (from janitors to professors), not to mention lowers the intellectual standard of our society. If you don’t appreciate graduate studies that’s fine, but as a “leader” don’t try to stop others who look to you for “wisdom” regarding higher education.
Not interested at all in your blog. Not impressed by you. I’m sure you mean well, but for “us educated folks” there are many other interesting blogs out there to read.
Posted by Anthro.ink on January 3, 2013 at 10:41 pm | permalink |
Based on what I’ve seen in the past 7 years within higher Ed aligns very well with what Penelope has stated. The scary part for me is that I’m witnessing it first hand in high-tech engineering areas. These fields are responsible for maintaining the US’s technical edge. These fields should be filled with the best and the brightest minds – this is not the case across the board and regardless of institution. Instead what I’m finding is that high-tech growth is occurring much faster in private industry. For right now, my graduate degree makes sense because its in a high-tech field and I controlled what I spent my time researching and ultimately developing. When it comes time for me to hire, I will tell you based on my experiences I would hire an engineer with a masters degree over a bachelors only if the masters candidate could demonstrate their research topic was well thought out and driven by themselves and not their advisor. As for PhD. Never. I would immediately pass unless I knew them personally – in which case I know of 1 PhD engineer I would hire. People may argue, but regardless, higher-Ed has become so irrelevant even in these critical high-tech fields – which is a major problem. A biomedical engineer responsible for inventing major components for a well-know robotic surgical platform once told me “researching in academia and getting your masters is a complete waste of time. I’ll tell you what you’ll need to know when you get here…” How is the US going to maintain its technical edge if the people responsible for educating the people responsible for developing technology have become so irrelavent they have left the burden of education and technical development entirely to industry? No excuses. Get it fixed or get the system out of the way.
Posted by Randy on January 6, 2013 at 5:54 am | permalink |
You recognize therefore significantly when it comes to this matter, made me personally imagine it from numerous various angles. Its like men and women aren’t fascinated unless it’s something to do with Girl gaga! Your personal stuffs great. All the time care for it up!
Posted by Go to traffic school on-line in Napa County on January 8, 2013 at 9:28 pm | permalink |
I’m surprised no one has mentioned this one because I think it’s the main reason to go to grad school in humanities: networking. it opens doors, it gives you access (many jobs require a postgrad so if you don’t have it you won’t pass the HR screening). the connections you get through professors, students and access to internships in grad school is what you really pay for.
Posted by onSanity on January 15, 2013 at 3:26 pm | permalink |
These comments are hilarious. I work in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction industry (AEC). EVERYBODY has a minimum of a Masters degree. Guess who usually does not: CAD drafters, HR, admins and old timers (all non-management track positions). Almost all the executives under 70 years of age in almost every AEC company have an M.S. minimum. MBA’s and PhD’s are also common. Many of the higher end projects require some kind of exposure to certain topics that can only be taught and learned in Grad school. If those topics were not taught or learned in universities, it would mean that companies would have to spend years training B.S. level employees while they were on the job. That solutions is both IMPRACTICAL AND IMPOSSIBLE.
We do a lot of heathcare projects and I see the same on that side of the fence too with thier staff’s credentials. I think better advice would be for people with a Bachelors to wait and attend grad school later once their career track has ben determined and the extra education can then strengthen the rest of thier exisiting career, but even them many jobs that I know of and would realistically pursue require a Masters to get an interview.
I guess Penelope has access to a “time machine” where she can gain work experience in the 1970′s and then bring back outdated advice to profit on in the present.
Can I get a quick trip on that time machine of yours Penelope? I have some stocks I’d like to invest in while I am back there sight seeing the basis for your career advice.
Posted by momosgarage on January 24, 2013 at 11:43 am | permalink |
What about going to graduate school part-time? I worked full-time while going to school at night for an MBA and launching my own venture.
It is a 90+ hour week, but you get exceptionally good at time management and my life was a hyper accelerated cycle of learn implement reflect for 3 years.
I feel like I got 9 years of experience in 3, and would recommend this path to anyone with the tolerance for it.
Posted by Jon on January 29, 2013 at 3:53 pm | permalink |
A lot of it depends on the individual; a graduate degree does pay off for some people whereas a few may struggle to find a job even with one. If it is your dream to become a lawyer then it would make sense to go to grad school. It’s important to find a balance between a degree you can afford and a career that you will enjoy working in for a long time.
http://www.trident.edu/
Posted by Jackie on February 1, 2013 at 12:44 am | permalink |
If people don’t get advanced degrees they go on to become Republicans. So please… go to school; it’s worth it.
Posted by Namelesshereforevermore on February 19, 2013 at 9:12 am | permalink |
Absolutely! Education is not only about making a buck; it’s about knowing more about the world you live in and obtaining the critical reasoning skills and time for self-reflection necessary to use that information to better society and one’s self. Great thinkers from the ancient Greeks to Newton, Copernicus, Einstein, Salk, Mead, etc. all cared about reason and knowledge first and foremost. In Penelope’s worldview, they’re just a bunch of historical losers.
Posted by Brock on March 2, 2013 at 10:08 am | permalink |
The article seems to be awfully closed to the possibility of exceptions… or those not following the traditional grad school path (i.e. 4 year undergrad then straight to grad school). Actually, it completely eschews a whole swath of people who don’t fit into the career college student crowd…
How about someone who gets their masters or PHD while gainfully employed?
Posted by adarr on February 25, 2013 at 10:41 pm | permalink |
I would never take advice from someone who raises such smart, sensitive animals as those in your picture only to kill and eat them. You seem like quite a mean person.
Posted by Brock on March 2, 2013 at 10:00 am | permalink |
Penelope, your various blogs are somewhat conflicting in their philosophies. From your homeschooling blog, you write:
Stop telling your kids that their reason for learning is to get a good job and have a good adult life. Their reason for learning is that they are curious and that learning is fun.
This philosophy should hold for our whole lives, not just our childhood. Go to graduate school because it’s fun to learn. Period.
Posted by jdunmyre on March 6, 2013 at 1:49 pm | permalink |
Wow. You’re an idiot. I guess it makes sense for privileged white people to not go to grad school because they’re doing it as a means to just get another shitty job that they don’t want to do for the rest of their life. For those of us with plans, plans that involve graduate school and doing the things we love for the rest of our lives– for those of us who are willing to work hard and stand out and pay dues, we’ll enjoy it and do what we need to succeed. Thanks for thinning the ranks of ofays in grad school, ofay.
Posted by Liberty Valence on April 6, 2013 at 2:01 am | permalink |
Ha, I just posted on Facebook yesterday:
“Tell your kids not to go to grad school. it will ruin their lives.”
Posted by Alli on April 11, 2013 at 12:56 pm | permalink |
In a recent article Penelope changes her tune. Her discussion on specialization trumps this little rant about masters degrees. A masters degree is a specialization, and according to Penelope specialization is something successful people do.
I would also take with a grain of salt anyone who can make such startling and stark comments without citing her sources.
Posted by Daniel Reid on April 13, 2013 at 2:59 pm | permalink |
Whilst I haven’t got a university degree yet (I assume that’s what thi is), I disagree.
My physics teacher said that when his friend graduated with the same degree as him (ath the same time), my teacher went into teaching, and the other physicist works as an investment banker in London.
My psychiatrist told me that few people actually use their degree to get a particular job, rather, it’s like a general ticket, enabling you to get multiple good jobs (to choose from).
It shows employers that you have the desire to be more, do more, work harder for longer and that you get absorbed into what you do.
So wether I go on to study sociology or genetics, it will definetly be one of them.
Posted by Samuel Green on April 18, 2013 at 3:31 pm | permalink |
Hi, I know I’m responding here long after the fact, but I’ve just recently discovered you Penelope. Oh, how right you are! In many ways Penelope, you and I are very much a like. I grew up in a metropolitan city, and went to college where I met my farmer husband. I married my farmer the summer after I graduated with a bachelor of science degree, and dual majors, and moved to a town of less than 1000 people. Talk about cultural shock !!! Thirty five years and three kids later, I am still married to the farmer and living on the farm — underemployed in my off-farm jobs. Nearly 20 years ago, in an attempt to over-educate myself, I acquired my master’s degree. Since the university is three hours away, I obtained my master’s degree through an online distance education program. I was pretty impressed with myself accomplishing this, but what I soon discovered is that the residents of the community, county, and part of the state we live in weren’t nearly as impressed with me as I am. My one regret is that I didn’t take the teaching certification route. My degree was in education, but it did not qualify me to teach. In the years since, I have been only able to get jobs that do not require a degree. I do have a medication aide certification which is the field I’ve been working in for more than 15 years. Anyone who is over 18, and willing to pay out a couple hundred bucks can get this certification. I was lucky in that my first job in the area provided the training as part of the job. So, I saved us some money there
We won’t talk about the several thousand dollars my husband spent on me to get my master’s degree. Oh and by the way, my parents did pay for my undergraduate degree, so luckily my husband didn’t marry into a lot of student loans. My parents always felt that their daughters should have a college degree to fall back on. Well, hopefully we won’t need to find out whether that is true or not. My husband did get a bachelor’s degree in agronomy, then came back home and helped his Dad farm. We’re not real sure if any of his college education has helped all that much either. There are farmers with a lot more assets than we have and no college degree. My husband is a somewhat happy camper farmer, and we’re finally to the point where I can feel like I can cut back on hours on my off-farm job, and take the time to clean, and organize my home, do my crafting hobbies, and enjoy and visit our soon-to-be first grandchild 1500 miles away. Someday, I would like to tell you about all of the struggles I have had through the years in trying to find a decent paying, off-farm job. I’m fairly content in my current job, but it has taken me working there ten years to increase my hourly wage by $4 an hour. I still make less than $15 an hour, and have limited benefits. Being self-employed in farming, we pay for our own health insurance. The monthly premiums for us and our teenage daughter is now well over $1,000 a month. It also has a $10,000 deductible. Don’t get me wrong, I’m not really complaining. I’m just trying to make people aware. The grass isn’t always greener on the other side of the pasture.
Posted by Karen Koenig on April 30, 2013 at 2:18 pm | permalink |